kosa kata kata kerja dasar bahasa Italia

Part 1

Kosa kata dasar bahasa Italia

Asalamualaykum warahmatullahi wabarokatuh…

Di dalam tulisan ini, saya menuliskan mengenai kosa kata dasar bahasa Italia, yaitu:

kosa kata kata kerja:

accettare= menerima

appigionare= menyewa

ballare= menari

bagnare= memandikan

bagnar (si)= mandi (sendiri)

cantare= menyanyi

cenare= makan malam

comprare= membeli

contestare= menjawab

espettare= menunggu

studiare= belajar

guadagnare= memenangkan, menghasilkan

interessare= tertarik

lavare= mencuci

chiamare= memanggil

comandar= mengirim

maneggiare= menyetir

pettinare= menyisirkan

prestare= meminjamkan

rendere= menyewakan

cavare= mengeluarkan

sollecitare= memerlukan

trattare= mencoba

terminare= menyelesaikan

usare= menggunakan

visitare= mengunjungi

apprendere= belajar, mengerti

credere= percaya, berpikir

leggere= membaca

vendere= menjual

aprire= membuka

compiere= menepati, memenuhi

scrivere= menulis

partire= membagi

proibire= melarang

ricevere= menerima

vivere= tinggal, hidup

avvertire= memberitahukan

serrare= menutup

comporre= membentuk, merias

concludere= menyelesaikan

conseguire= mendapatkan

constituire= mendirikan, menyusun

costruire= membangun

contare= menghitung

contribuire= menyokong, membantu

convertire= merubah, mengganti, perubahan

dare= memberikan

dire= mengatakan

dedurre= menyimpulkan dari

destare= membangunkan

distruggere= menghancurkan

detenere= menangkap, menahan

distribuire= membagikan, mendistribusikan

dormire= tidur

iniziare= memulai

Demikian pemaparan dari blog saya, semoga bisa membantu para pembaca. Mohon maaf jika ada kekurangan, saya (penulis) tentunya sangat menerima saran dan kritik yang membangun sehingga tulisan-tulisan saya bisa lebih diperbaiki dan diperbaharui dengan baik. Terima kasih…

Ditulis oleh: Fauji Imamul Arifin

Wassalamualaykum warohmatullahi wabarokatuh…

Kosa Kata bahasa Ojibwe (Bahasa Indian Amerika)

                                                                            Part 3
                                                                          Kosa Kata

 
apane=selalu
abinoojiinh=anak
adaawaage=menjual
adaawe=membeli
agaasaa=kecil
agwajiing=di luar
anishinaabe=suku indian amerika
akwa'wewigamig=ikan
akwaandawe=mendaki
ambeshke=datang
animosh=anjing
anishinaabemo=berbicara bahasa indian
anokii=bekerja
anwebi=beristirahat
ayaaw=memiliki seseorang
ayi'ii=sesuatu
ayikido=menceramahi
azhegiiwe=mengembalikan
azhigwa=sekarang
aakoziwin=kesakitan
aakoziiwigamig=rumah sakit
aanawi=meskipun
aanind dash=yang lainnya
aanind=beberapa
aangodinong=kadang-kadang
aanawitaw=mempercayai seseorang
aaniin=bagaimana,mengapa
aaniin danaa=mengapa tidak?
aaniindi=dimana
aapiji=sangat

Kosa Kata Bahasa Ojibwe (Bahasa Indian Amerika)

                                                                       Part 2

 
noongom=sekarang
minwendam=senang
izhaa=pergi
wiisini=makan
bizindam=mendengarkan
bazigwii=berdiri, muncul
aanizhiitam=keluar
maajaa=pergi gashkendam=merasa sedih
namadabi=duduk
babaamendam=menghawatirkan, khawatir
wiisagishin=menyakitkan,sakit hati
bezhigo=sendiri
onjibaa=dari (tempat)
nisidotam=memahami azhetaa=berjalan mundur
giikaji=dingin
dagoshin=sampai disana
aazhooshka=menyebrangi
gawanaandam=kelaparan
jiibaakwe=memasak maanendam=depresi
izhichige=melakukan sesuatu
wiisagendam=sedih sekali
gwiishkoshi=bersiul
gwekendam=merubah pemikiran seseorang
onwaawe=tersedak
zaaga'am=pergi keluar jiibiingweni=mengedipkan mata
zhooniyaake=mendapatkan uang
zhooshkwaada'e=meluncur
inendam=berpikir, memikirkan dodam=memikirkan sesuatu
bi-dagoshin=tiba di sini
noondam=mendengarkan
zhaashaagmiwamikiwe=mengunyah
dagonige=mencampurkan
aagonwetam=menolak,tidak mempercayai wanendam=melupakan
waabi=melihat
nagamo=menyanyi
bijiinaago=kemarin
aaniibiishaabooke =membuat teh
ganawaabi=mengamati
giiyose=memburu
bangishin=jatuh
wanitam=tidak memahami

pelajaran grammar (tata bahasa) bahasa Ojibwe (bahasa indian amerika)

                                                                              Part 1
                                                                           Kata Kerja

 
             karena di dalam bahasa ojibwe banyak terdapat konjugasi-konjugasi kata kerja maka pertama tama kita harus mengetahui dulu kata kerjanya. kata kerja dalam bahasa india terdapat 4 jenis:
1. kata kerja transitif untuk kata benda hidup (manusia,hewan,dsb)
2.kata kerja transitif untuk kata benda tak hidup (kursi,lampu,dsb)
3. kata kerja intransitif untuk kata benda hidup
4.kata kerja untuk kata benda tak hidup



A. kata kerja intransitif, kata kerja yg tidak disertai objek, terdiri dari dua:
-kata kerja yang berakhiran vowel (a,i,u,e,o)
contoh:
kata "Wisiini=makan".
"Wisiini Fauji"
"Fauji sedang makan"
B. kata kerja intransitif yg berakhiran konsonan (b,c,d,...)
contoh:
"minwendam=senang"
"minwendam gookomisinaan"
"nene kami senang"

C. yes/no question dalam b. ojibwe. untuk menyataka ya/tidak dengan cara membubuhkan partikel "ina"(sesudah kata kerja yg berakhiran konsonan), dan "na" (untuk kata kerja yg berakhiran vokal).
contoh: "minwendam ina?"
"senangkah dia?"
#kata kerja perintah untuk singular:
yaitu dengan cara menambahkan partikel "-n" dibelakang kata kerja yg berakhiran vokal dan tambahkan partikel "-in" dibelakang kata kerja yg berakhiran konsonan. contoh: -"Minikwe=minum"
"minikwe+n=minikwen!"
"(kamu)minumlah!"
-"bizindam=mendengar"
"bizindan!"
"(kamu) dengarkanlah!"
#kata kerja perintah untuk jamak:
untuk kata kerja yg berakhiran vokal maka bubuhkan partikel "-yok" dibelakang kata kerja tersebut, untuk kata kerja yg berakhiran konsonan maka bubuhkan partikel "-ok" dibelakang kata kerja tersebut.
contóh:
"izhaa=pergi"
-"izhaa+yok=izhaayok!"
-"(kalian) pergilah!"
-"bizindam=mendengarkan"
-"bizindam+ok=bizindamok!"
-"(kalian) dengarkanlah!"
untuk kata kerja perintah yg inklusif:
yaitu dengan cara menambahkan pertikel "-daa" dibelakang kata kerja tersebut, partikel tersebut artinya "marilah kita".
contoh: "Bazigwii=bangun"
-Bazigwii+daa=Bazigwiidaa!
"marilah kita bangun!"

contoh pembuatan lamaran pekerjaan

Surat Lamaran Pekerjaan

Perihal: Lamaran Pekerjaan

Bandung, 5 Desember 2017

Kepada

Yth.Kepala Sekolah

Di Tempat

Dengan Hormat,

            Dengan ini saya membuat permohonan lamaran pekerjaan untuk menjadi guru honorer di sekolah yang Bapak/Ibu pimpin, adapun data pribadi saya sebagai berikut:

Nama                           : Fauji Imamul Arifin

Tempat/Tanggal lahir    : Bandung, 08 April 1996

Agama                         : Islam

Pendidikan Terakhir     :D-3 Bahasa Inggris UIN SGD Bandung (Lulus),

    S1 Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris STKIP Siliwangi (Masih)

Alamat                         : Parken Blok B.26 Rt. 03/07 Ds. Nagrak Kec. Cangkuang Kab. Bandung

Nomer HP                    : 089632993518

Berdasarkan keterangan di atas, saya bermaksud melamar pekerjaan untuk menjadi guru honor di sekolah yang Bapak/Ibu pimpin sekarang ini. Sebagai bahan pertimbangan saya lampirkan :

Foto Copy KTP 1 Lembar

Pas Photo 3 x 4 Sebanyak 1 Lembar

Ijazah 1 Lembar

Transkrip Nilai Satu Lembar

Daftar Riwayat Hidup 1 Lembar

            Demikian surat lamaran ini saya buat sebenar-benarnya, atas perhatian dan kebijaksanaan Bapak/Ibu saya ucapkan banyak terimakasih.

                                                                                      Hormat Saya

                                                                                                           

Fauji Imamul Arifin, A.md

Contoh Penggunaan Metode Newmark mengenai Translation

1.5. Method of Translation

Newmark (1988:81) mentions the difference between translation methods and translation procedures. He writes that, "[w]hile translation methods relate to whole texts, translation procedures are used for sentences and the smaller units of language". He goes on to refer to the following methods of translation:

  1.5.1. Word-for-word Translation

In which the SL word order is preserved and the words translated singly by their most common meanings, out of context.

SL:  You are a beautiful girl in the world

TL: Anda adalah seorang cantik di dunia

  1.5.2. Literal Translation

In which the SL grammatical constructions are converted to their nearest TL equivalents, but the lexical words are again translated singly, out of context.

SL:  I am a stupid student

TL: Saya adalah seorang mahasiswa yang bodoh

  1.5.3. Faithful Translation

It attempts to produce the precise contextual meaning of the original within the constraints of the TL grammatical structures.

SL: Mr. Bean is too smart in knowing something

TL: Tuan Bean sangat pintar dalam mengetahui sesuatu

  1.5.4. Semantic Translation

 which differs from 'faithful translation' only in as far as it must take more account of the aesthetic value of the SL text.

SL: He is a bad egg

TL:  Dia (laki-laki) merupakan seorang yang suka sekali berbuat jahat

  1.5.5. Adaptation

which is the freest form of translation, and is used mainly for plays (comedies) and poetry; the themes, characters, plots are usually preserved, the SL culture is converted to the TL culture and the text is rewritten.

SL:  As white as snow

TL:Seputih kapas

  1.5.6. Free Translation

it produces the TL text without the style, form, or content of the original.

SL: The trees in the forest

TL: Pohon-pohon yang tumbuh di hutan

  1.5.7. Idiomatic Translation

It reproduces the 'message' of the original but tends to distort nuances of meaning by preferring colloquialisms and idioms where these do not exist in the original.

SL: Excuse me?

TL: Maaf, apa maksud Anda?

  1.5.8. Communicative Translation

it attempts to render the exact contextual meaning of the original in such a way that both content and language are readily acceptable and comprehensible to the readership (1988b: 45-47).

Contoh Pendahuluan (Introduction) pada Tugas Akhir

CHAPTER I

 INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents background of Selected Case Studies in American V2 translation. The purpose of translation tells about the purpose of the book translation. Significance of translation explains about significance ofthe book translation either theoretically or practically. In the theory of translation, it tells about theories of translation completed by linguist’ theories. Then, the method of translation, there are eight methods of translation taken from Newmark.

1.1. Background of Translation

In the world, many languages that are used by different countries forcommunicating with each other. Especially, in the language case, each people has to translate the context in different language so that they are able to know the mean of the context. In the book of Linguistic Theory of Translation, translation is as context transfer in Source Language (SL) with context comparison in the Target Language (TL). Translation also emphasizes that context transfer must be correspond with pure context. Because, comparison is very important in translating context (Catford in Djuharie, 2014:11).Therefore, the translation process is used for knowing the Source Language (SL). The translation process changes from Source Language (SL) into Target Language (TL)..

History (from Greekἱστορία, historia, meaning "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation") is the study of the past as it is described in written documents. Events occurring before written record are considered prehistory. It is an umbrella term that relates to past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of information about these events (Wikipedia, 2017). Writer needs information about history so that if the text is from Source Language (SL), writer has to change it to Target Language. With translation of this, reader and  writer are able to understand the text from Source Language (SLK) especially in events that are in the book.

This history tells about Selected Case Studies in American V2. Histories explained in the book consist of The Case of the Angry Farmers, The Clerk and the Union Shop, The decision to Acquire the Philippines, Theodore Rooseveltand the Panama Canal, and The Sinking of the Lusitania. These events are happened in the American history. This book is very interesting and simple, therefore the writer understands about American history. In the other hand, reader can be involved in answering the questions found in the book.

1.2. Purpose of Translation

The purpose of translating the history teks are:

1.2.1. To help readers in understanding the translated book content in indonesia language.

      1.2.2. To add vocabulary size, especially vocabularies about history and to increase the competence of English-Indonesia translation.

 1.2.3. To apply translation methods in translating this book into Target Language (TL).

1.3. Significance of Translation

Theoritically, it knows about translation theories of Newmark and Nida. Therefore, the translation result is better. Practically, it can give knowledge to students, other writer, translation community, and readers.Therefore, the translation result can be motivation for all students of English Vocational Program. In increasing translation skill, translation project can help the writer. This project also is hoped to help the readers such as English students, other writer, translation community where peopleare studying at one of association of translation like HPI (Association of Indonesia Translators), Bahtera and also for people interested in translating the book of historitical.

1.4. Theory of Translation

  There are some definitions of translation. Nida & Taber (1969:12) state that translation consist of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalence of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. Newmark (1988:5) states that translation is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text.

Newmark (1981: 7) defines translation as “a craft consisting in the attempt to replace a written message and/or statement in one language by the same message and/or statement in another language”. In line with this, Bell (1993:5), translating the definition of translation according to Dubois, states that Translation is the expression in another language (or target language) of what has been expressed in another, source language, preserving semantic and stylistic equivalences.

From the definition above the translation has the same term “equivalence”. The meaning, context, though, or message of both source of reproducing in the receptor language, the closest natural are equivalent to the message of source language. The first is meaning and secondly is style. The message of source language must equivalent. The reader of translation who knows the target language only will be confused if the target language is influenced by the source language.

Meanwhile the result of translation must be transferring the meaning of the source language clearly. In order to make the clear meaning of source language, it is expected that the meaning of target language can be understood by the readers. So, the result of translation must be readable. In target language, readability is needed, because it makes the readers easier to catch the content of the translation text, conversely when the translation text is not readable. It will make the readers difficult to understand the content of the text well.