Contoh Penggunaan Metode Newmark mengenai Translation

1.5. Method of Translation

Newmark (1988:81) mentions the difference between translation methods and translation procedures. He writes that, "[w]hile translation methods relate to whole texts, translation procedures are used for sentences and the smaller units of language". He goes on to refer to the following methods of translation:

  1.5.1. Word-for-word Translation

In which the SL word order is preserved and the words translated singly by their most common meanings, out of context.

SL:  You are a beautiful girl in the world

TL: Anda adalah seorang cantik di dunia

  1.5.2. Literal Translation

In which the SL grammatical constructions are converted to their nearest TL equivalents, but the lexical words are again translated singly, out of context.

SL:  I am a stupid student

TL: Saya adalah seorang mahasiswa yang bodoh

  1.5.3. Faithful Translation

It attempts to produce the precise contextual meaning of the original within the constraints of the TL grammatical structures.

SL: Mr. Bean is too smart in knowing something

TL: Tuan Bean sangat pintar dalam mengetahui sesuatu

  1.5.4. Semantic Translation

 which differs from 'faithful translation' only in as far as it must take more account of the aesthetic value of the SL text.

SL: He is a bad egg

TL:  Dia (laki-laki) merupakan seorang yang suka sekali berbuat jahat

  1.5.5. Adaptation

which is the freest form of translation, and is used mainly for plays (comedies) and poetry; the themes, characters, plots are usually preserved, the SL culture is converted to the TL culture and the text is rewritten.

SL:  As white as snow

TL:Seputih kapas

  1.5.6. Free Translation

it produces the TL text without the style, form, or content of the original.

SL: The trees in the forest

TL: Pohon-pohon yang tumbuh di hutan

  1.5.7. Idiomatic Translation

It reproduces the 'message' of the original but tends to distort nuances of meaning by preferring colloquialisms and idioms where these do not exist in the original.

SL: Excuse me?

TL: Maaf, apa maksud Anda?

  1.5.8. Communicative Translation

it attempts to render the exact contextual meaning of the original in such a way that both content and language are readily acceptable and comprehensible to the readership (1988b: 45-47).