Turkish Alphabet and Pronunciation (Part1)

I. TURKISH


1.Turkish alphabet
There are 29 alphabet in Turkish. There are not "Q", "w", and "x". There are three strange consonants in Turkish, including "ç", "ğ", and "ş" and there are three strange vowels, including "ı", "ü", and "ö". The capital letters of them are ç, Ç, ğ,Ğ, ş, Ş, ı, I, ö, Ö, and ü, Ü. The capital letters of
 "ı" (undotted "i") is "I"; and the capital letter of "i" (dotted "i") is "İ".



Turkish Pronunciation
Aa→it is pronunced like "u" in sun
Bb→it is pronunced like in English
Cc→it is pronunced like "j" in jungle
Çç→it is pronunced like "ch" in chocolate
Dd→it is pronunced like in English
Ee→it is pronunced like "e" in fed
Ff→it is pronunced like in English
Gg→it is pronunced like "g" in going
Ğğ (soft g)→it is pronunced like "y" in young
Hh→it is pronunced like "h" in hug
Iı→it is pronunced like the second vocal in nat"io"n
İi→it is pronunced like "i" in big
Jj→it is pronunced like "s" in measure
Kk→it is pronunced like "k" in kiss
L1→it is pronunced like in English
Mm→it is pronunced like in English
Nn→it is pronunced like in English
Oo→it is pronunced like "o" in sold
Öö→it is pronunced like "eu" in French peu
PP→it is pronunced like in English
Rr→it is pronunced like "r" in rug
Ss→it is pronunced like "i" in lick
Şş→it is pronunced like "sh" in shadow
Tt→it is pronunced like in English
Uu→it is pronunced like "u" in push
Üü→it is pronunced like "ü" in übel
Vv→it is pronunced like in English
Yy→it is pronunced like "y" in yes
Zz→it is pronunced like in English
In general, stress tends to be placed on the last syllable in a word.

2.Ğ, ğ (Soft "g")
The letter is named as yumuşak "ge" (soft "g"). We have to know that the letter is never in front of a word. The letter sound is approximately like y in yet (as in doğu ‘east’).



3.Doubled consonants
There is a doubled consonants in Turkish. The sound of them is prolonged similarly when the consonant is single.
Elli (fifty)
eli (the hand)

4.The circumflex accent
The forms of them stand over the vocal, including "a", "i", and "u" (â, î, û).



5.Spelling
Spelling in Turkish is phonetic. We have to know that the similar letter always indicate the silmilar sound. Words which are taken from other languages are pronounced phonetically.
Şevrole (Chevrolet)
Çörçil (Churchill)

6.Syllabification
There are six syllable patterns in Turkish (V =vowel; C=consonant).

V → o (he, she, it)
VC → üç (three)
CV → su (water)
CVC → bir (one)
VCC → üst (top)
CVCC → harf (letter)
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